Cited reference searching can be used to find out if an article, book, journal, or particular author has been cited by another work.
Bibliometrics are the use of quantiative tools to study publications and other written materials
Citation metrics focus on the statistical patterns and measurements of citations
Citation analysis can be used as a quantifiable measure of academic output and research impact, which can help inform decisions on publication, promotion, and tenure
Altmetrics is the creation and study of new metrics based on the Social Web for analyzing, and informing scholarship